Update on Current Microplastic Detection Methods with a Focus on Pyrolysis GC-MS

We are facing a growing issue of pollution caused by microplastics in the air, water, and soil, highlighting the need for robust analytical methods to handle this problem. Microplastics are categorized as macro-, micro-, and nanoplastics, originating from primary sources (such as manufactured micro-sized plastics in cosmetics) and secondary sources (from the degradation of larger plastic pieces). Microplastics are harmful to human health and can contain additives or bind harmful chemicals. Research on detecting environmental microplastics and assessing their health impacts is still in its early stages. The University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW) is currently working on developing methods to detect microplastics using Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC-MS), which provides quantitative analysis and is independent of the size and shape of microplastics. FHNW is also working on an efficient and portable device to sample surface and groundwater, with the goal of standardizing the detection of microplastics for broader applications.